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The only thing keeping aperture's tests alive was GLaDOS, [2] since she got destroyed, Aperture Science lost. [3] But the rivalry is still there. When Kleiner talks about AS in ep2, it sounds that way.
[1] They're known as the Resistance, and Aperture Science employees (if there are any) are the Resistance too.
[2] But since GLaDOS is still alive, Aperture Science didn't lose.
[3] Even though Kleiner said the rivalry is still there, Eli Vance was more like a rival, because he said Borealis should be destroyed.
(My brother showed that scene in Ep2.)
The only thing keeping aperture's tests alive was GLaDOS, since she got destroyed, Aperture Science lost. But the rivalry is still there. When Kleiner talks about AS in ep2, it sounds that way.
If GLaDOS has been destroyed, and she most likely killed everyone in the Enrichment Center before that, there would be no rivalry anymore. Aperture Labs is dead.
The reason Eli wants the Borealis destroyed, is because the Portal Gun technology could be on board. Dr. Moss tells you in HL2 the Combine don't have local fast transportation, they can only tunnel through from one universe into another, whereas Black Mesa has developed the Calabi Yau-model teleporter, which can teleport people across large, but also small distances. The Resistance has done a great job of keeping the Calabi Yau out of Combine hands so far, but if they could get their hands on the ASHPD, the Resistance would be seriously f*cked, with Combine jumping out of portals all over Earth.
In the words of Eli: "It'll be the Seven Hour War all over again. Only this time we won't last seven minutes."
"Duct Tape is the answer."
It was about the Superportal. If both the Combine and the Resistance used ASHPDs, it could be somewhat... longer than 7 hours. 
The point is, how many Combine do you think still roam Earth? Quite a few, I think. City 17 is just one city of dozens, maybe even hundreds. They might have been cut off from the Combine Empire, but if they managed to regroup (and they will with a Portal Gun), they might even manage to create a new superportal.
"Duct Tape is the answer."
The Resistance would too. Imagine a counter-attack of the Resistance in, like, HL3: Episode One?
Hey, hey, hey! HL2:Ep3 isn't even out yet, so I wouldn't talk about HL3 yet.
"Duct Tape is the answer."
The Second Seven Hour War is just not as close as you think.
EDIT:
I'll prove Combine hasn't invented anything special Resistance wouldn't.
GLaDOS (perhaps the most advanced invention in HL universe) - both Aperture Science and the Combine, but since it belongs to AS, let's count it as AS.
The energy balls - Aperture Science.
The intra-dimensional travel - Black Mesa.
The one dimension teleport - both Aperture Science and the Resistance.
The Superportal - that's Combine stolen the Resistance technology, so it's actually the Resistance.
The turrets - both Aperture Science and the Combine (and in reprogramming Black Mesa).
The heel springs - both Aperture Science and the Combine (cut).
The weaponry - some of the original Combine guns have real-life matches (except for the energy balls).
Everything else - just not as special.
Ok, Changing the subject;
How can the observation rooms for chamber 14 and chamber 9 be next to each other, as we see it in the BTS areas of Portal?
How can the observation rooms for chamber 14 and chamber 9 be next to each other, as we see it in the BTS areas of Portal?
The only possible suggestion would be that some of the elevators move you up and some move you down, but the only elevator I see moving you down is in Portal: Prelude, after first GLaDOS fight.